ICSE History Class 8 Syllabus
The syllabus consists of eight themes on The Modern World - A Period of Transition, The Growth of Nationalism, India in the 18th Century, Traders to Rulers, British Policies and Impacts, The Great Uprising of 1857, Socio-Religious Reforms, and India’s Struggle for Freedom.

Theme 1: A Period of Transition
- The period of transition - basic understanding.
- Sources - Primary and Secondary.
- Transition from Medieval to Modern Age (a brief mention of Renaissance, Reformation, Voyages, discoveries).
- The Industrial Revolution - meaning and reasons why it began in England, major inventions, Impacts of Industrial Revolution.
- Imperialism - Its meaning, caused and impacts with special reference to South Asian Countries.
Theme 2: The Growth of Nationalism
- The French Revolution - causes, the outbreak, impact, the post-revolution period, Napoleon Bonaparte (brief study of the revolution).
- The American War of Independence - colonies, causes, beginning, birth of the United States of America.
- American Civil War - background, causes, beginnings, role of Abraham Lincoln and the Gettysburg Address.
Theme 3: India in the 18th Century
- Decline of the Mughal Empire - Major factors / causes.
- Rise of independent / regional kingdoms - Hyderabad, Awadh, Bengal, Rajputs, Sikhs, Mysore, Marathas (brief).
Theme 4: Traders to Rulers
- Advent of English East India Company - a brief mention
- Conquest of BengalBattle of Plassey, Buxar - causes and results.
- Dual Government - Drawbacks of Dual government.
- Policy of British Expansion (meaning and examples) - Doctrine of lapse, Subsidiary Alliance, Annexation of Awadh (pretext).
Theme 5: British Policies and Impacts
- Economic policy
- Land Revenue system (Permanent Settlement, Mahalwari, Ryotwari), highlight Permanent Settlement only.
- Exploitation of artisans and weavers.
- Drain of wealth.
- Introduction of Modern Education.
- Wood’s Despatch (What was Wood’s despatch and its effects).
Theme 6: The Great Uprising of 1857
- Reasons - political, socio-religious, economic, military.
- Immediate causes.
- Leaders and Spread of the uprising.
- Consequences.
- Nature of uprising.
Theme 7: Socio-Religious Reforms
Contribution of Social Reformers in brief: Raja Ram Mohan Roy, Ishwar Chand Vidyasagar, Dayanand Saraswati, Swami Vivekanand, JyotibaPhule, Annie Beasant, Veerasalingam, Kandukuri, Sree Narayana Guru, Sir Syed Ahmad Khan and Singh Sabhas
Theme 8: India’s Struggle for Freedom
Phase 1
- Rise of nationalism - factors - economic exploitation, spread of western education, role of the Press, repressive policy of Lord Lytton (to be covered briefly)
- Early political associations - The Indian National Congress (formation and objectives), The Moderates - leaders, methods, demands
- Partition of Bengal - only the Anti Partition Movement - Swadeshi and Boycott to be covered briefly, Surat split - a brief understanding.
Phase 2
- Home Rule Movement- leaders and objectives
- Lucknow Pact (1916) - as Unity Pact (a brief understanding).
- Gandhian Era (1917 – 1947).
- Early campaigns - Kheda, Champaran, Ahmedabad (a brief description).
- Mass Movements - Noncooperation (causes, withdrawal, impact), Rowlatt Act, Jallianwala, Khilafat (Chauri Chaura).
- Civil Disobedience Movement (causes)
- Simon Commission, Lahore Session Quit India-Forward Bloc and INA (objectives only)
- Independence and partition - Cabinet Mission Plan, Mountbatten plan, Indian Independence Act (only clauses).